Detrás de los titulares sobre el cáncer

Actualización: La FDA autoriza las pruebas de una vacuna diseñada para prevenir el cáncer de mama

Scientists have been working for many years to develop a vaccine that will prevent breast cancer. The FDA recently announced that the first clinical trial to test a preventive breast cancer vaccine can begin. This vaccine is the result of over a decade of research in animals and human cells. While researchers will first test the vaccine in women who have breast cancer, they hope to use this vaccine in the future to prevent breast cancer.  (posted 5/25/21)

THIS INFORMATION HAS BEEN UPDATED on 10/12/2021: The clinical trial discussed in this XRAY review has begun recruiting participants.  Researchers hope to enroll 24 patients with non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. The trial is being conducted at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. More information on this trial can be found here.

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Actualización: Inmunoterapia con dostarlimab obtiene aprobación de la FDA para tratar el cáncer de endometrio recurrente o avanzado

The FDA has given accelerated approval for the immunotherapy agent dostarlimab (Jemperli) to treat recurrent and advanced endometrial cancer that has a biomarker called mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). This adds a new treatment option for people with recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer. (posted 5/18/21)

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Estudio: El consumo diario de una alta dosis de aspirina durante al menos dos años disminuye el riesgo de padecer cáncer colorrectal pero no otros tipos de cáncer en personas con síndrome de Lynch

Research has shown that daily aspirin use can reduce the risk of colon and other cancers. The Cancer Prevention Program 2 (CaPP2) study looked at the effect of daily aspirin in patients with Lynch syndrome. After 10 years of follow-up, the results showed that taking daily aspirin for two years reduced the frequency of colon cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome, and importantly, did not result in an increase in side-effects or complications. No benefit was seen for other Lynch syndrome-related cancers, including endometrial cancer. (5/17/21)

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Actualización: Desigualdades por cáncer: cáncer colorrectal en la población afroestadounidense

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) released a 2020 report about cancer disparities among racial and ethnic groups in the United States. In this XRAY review, we highlight data from the report about the burden of colorectal cancer in African Americans, who have the highest rates of diagnosis and death related to the disease among all racial and ethnic groups. (Posted 4/27/21)

Este artículo está disponible en español.

Estudio: La ampliación del acceso a la cobertura de Medicaid estipulada en la Ley sobre la atención médica asequible está vinculada con la reducción de la mortalidad por cáncer

In 2014 the Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid coverage. How did this affect healthcare for cancer patients? This study shows that deaths from breast, colorectal and lung cancer are lower in states that chose to expand Medicaid compared to states that did not. Early diagnosis was linked to lower death rates. This suggests that increased healthcare access may lead to earlier cancer detection and better outcomes, including lower mortality. (3/31/2021)

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Directrices: El mejor momento para realizarse mamografías después de recibir la vacuna contra el COVID-19

COVID-19 vaccines work by helping the immune system destroy the virus. Lymph nodes are an important part of the immune system. COVID-19 vaccines may cause temporary swelling in some lymph nodes, which may look suspicious on a mammogram.  The Society for Breast Imaging and other professional organizations have released recommendations for the timing of mammograms after COVID-19 vaccines.  (3/30/21)

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Estudio: Respuestas de pacientes y sus experiencias de “quedarse planas”

Some patients with early-stage breast cancer or those considering risk-reducing surgery may choose mastectomy without reconstruction. This is often referred to as “going flat.” The results of this study suggest that surgeons play a significant role in supporting a patient’s decision to go flat. (3/23/2021)

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Estudio: Forma en la que el índice de masa corporal (IMC) puede afectar el efecto favorable del consumo de aspirina en la protección contra el cáncer colorrectal y de ovario

This study looked at the impact of daily aspirin use on the risk for many types of cancers and whether this effect can be modified by risk factors such as obesity, smoking, physical inactivity or a family history of cancer. Daily aspirin use: 

• lowered the risk for colorectal cancer, but this effect was lost as Body Mass Index (BMI) increased.
• lowered the risk of ovarian cancer risk among obese women.
• offered little or no protection against breast, endometrial or advanced prostate cancer.

(posted 3/19/21)

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Estudio: ¿Pueden las pruebas de diagnóstico identificar a más pacientes con cáncer de mama que pueden omitir la quimioterapia sin correr riesgos?

Two studies presented at the December 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium looked at how tumor testing can identify patients who may benefit the most and the least from chemotherapy. (3/4/21)

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Actualización: La FDA aprueba Orgovyx, la primera hormonoterapia por vía oral en su tipo, para tratar el cáncer de próstata avanzado

In December 2020, the FDA approved Orgovyx to treat advanced prostate cancer. The findings were based on the HERO clinical trial of more than 900 men. Data from this trial showed the new therapy was safer than standard androgen deprivation treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer and risk of cardiovascular disease. (2/18/21)

Este artículo está disponible en español.